Knowing how to respond during a medical emergency is vital, especially for expats unfamiliar with Australia’s healthcare system. From calling for an ambulance to finding the nearest hospital, understanding the process can make a significant difference in ensuring prompt medical attention. This guide outlines what to do in a medical emergency in Australia, helping you stay prepared and informed.

Step 1: Assess the Situation

In any emergency, quickly assess the severity of the situation to determine the appropriate course of action. If someone is experiencing life-threatening symptoms, such as difficulty breathing, severe bleeding, or unconsciousness, treat it as a critical emergency. For less urgent issues, consider alternative options like visiting a GP or calling a health advice line.

Step 2: Call Triple Zero (000)

For emergencies requiring immediate assistance, dial 000 for an ambulance, police, or fire services. When calling, you’ll need to:

1. Specify the Service Needed
   Clearly state that you require an ambulance for a medical emergency.
2. Provide Your Location
   Give your exact address or describe nearby landmarks. If you’re on a mobile phone, use your device’s GPS to confirm your location.
3. Describe the Emergency
   Explain the situation, including the patient’s symptoms and condition. This information helps paramedics prepare for their arrival.

Step 3: Perform Basic First Aid

If you’re trained in first aid, provide assistance while waiting for professional help to arrive. Actions might include:

• CPR: Perform chest compressions and rescue breaths for someone who isn’t breathing.
• Stop Bleeding: Apply firm pressure to wounds with a clean cloth or bandage.
• Position the Patient: For someone unconscious but breathing, place them in the recovery position to keep their airway clear.

If you’re unsure what to do, the 000 operator can guide you through basic first aid steps.

Step 4: Ambulance Services

Ambulances in Australia are not covered by Medicare in most states and territories, meaning you’ll need private health insurance or ambulance cover to avoid potentially high costs.

• Costs: Ambulance fees vary by state, with charges ranging from AUD $400–$1,000 for emergency transport.
• Ambulance Cover: Some states, like Queensland and Tasmania, provide free ambulance services to residents, while others require insurance. Consider purchasing ambulance cover as part of your private health insurance or as a standalone policy.

Step 5: Hospital Emergency Departments

Emergency departments in public hospitals are equipped to handle critical medical issues, including:

• Severe injuries or trauma.
• Chest pain or heart attack symptoms.
• Breathing difficulties.
• Stroke symptoms (e.g., slurred speech, facial drooping).

What to Expect:
Upon arrival, patients are triaged and prioritised based on the urgency of their condition. Be prepared for potential wait times if the situation isn’t life-threatening.

Non-Emergency Options

For non-urgent medical issues, you can:

1. Visit a GP
   GPs handle a wide range of health concerns and are often the best starting point for treatment. Many clinics offer same-day appointments.
2. Call a Health Advice Line
   Dial Healthdirect (1800 022 222) for free, 24/7 advice from registered nurses. They can help you decide whether to visit a doctor, hospital, or manage the issue at home.
3. Visit an After-Hours Clinic
   After-hours clinics provide medical care outside regular GP hours. Some offer home visits for added convenience.

Preparing for Emergencies

To stay prepared for medical emergencies in Australia, consider these proactive steps:

1. Save Emergency Numbers
   Program 000 and Healthdirect into your phone.
2. Learn First Aid
   Enrol in a first aid course to build confidence in responding to emergencies. Organisations like St John Ambulance offer certified training.
3. Check Your Insurance Coverage
   Confirm whether your health insurance includes ambulance cover, and add it if necessary.
4. Locate Nearby Hospitals
   Familiarise yourself with the location of emergency departments near your home or workplace.
5. Keep a Medical Kit
   Stock your home and car with basic first aid supplies, including bandages, antiseptic, and pain relief medication.

Tips for Expats

• Understand Cultural Differences: Australia’s emergency services may differ from those in your home country. Familiarise yourself with how the system operates.
• Carry Health Information: Keep your Medicare card, private insurance details, and a list of medications or allergies readily accessible.
• Use Translation Services: If English isn’t your first language, ask for a translator when calling 000 or visiting a hospital.

Knowing how to respond in a medical emergency can save lives. By understanding the Australian healthcare system, calling 000 when necessary, and staying prepared, expats can navigate emergencies with confidence. Take the time to familiarise yourself with local services, and ensure you have the right insurance and resources in place to handle unexpected situations.